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Future Avenues for Indian pharmaceutical industry

Indian pharmaceutical industry in addition to providing healthcare for all at affordable cost has obligation to explore new avenues in order to discover ,develop,produce and provide new drugs for conditions for which there is either no therapy  available or is inadequate in terms of efficiency and unacceptable due to safety and adverse effects. The industry has to develop better diagnostic tools and prophylatics for conditions that can be treated. Some of the prospects for Indian pharmaceutical industry that can catapult it's position in the global pharmaceutical market are as follows : 1.NEW DRUG DISCOVERY     Since India is a party to the GATT agreement, it has to gear itself with respect to the patent regime specially with regard to new drug discovery. The Indian drug industry should identify and concentrate research on areas of special relevance to developing countries including malaria, filaria, HIV and opportunistic infections like tuberculosis .These areas offer...
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Pastes definition and it's despencing procedure

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Definition: pastes    Pastes may be defined as the semi-solid preparations ment for external  application onto skin to form a protective coating over the skin. Pastes are less greasy when compared to ointments but very thick and stiff because of their high solid content.              Preparation :  pastes are prepared  by irritation and fusion method, which are same as used in the preparation of ointments.              1.Trituration method :  The trituration method is used when the base is soft and the solid medicament is insoluble in the base.  The method may be as follows,  1.Accurately weigh the required amount of the solid medicament and finely powder it. Also weigh the amount of base.  2.triturate the solid medicament in small  amount of base with a spatula on a plain slab, until a uniform  and homogeneous product is formed. 3.mix the remaini...
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Labelling of medicaments

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Labelling :  Labelling of the medicaments plays a vital role in the entire operation unit as proper labelling on the container provides sufficient information to the pharmacist, which in turn helps in dispensing. Proper labelling assures the accuracy in dispensing of medicaments as well as the accuracy of the pharmacy department work. Improper labelling leads to wasteage of the time both of medical as well as paramedical staff. It also leads to confusion and error.  A pattern is followed which should have a detailed information on the labels of the medicaments.This pattern is as follows:  A. Name:  it consists of the name of the drug typed in such a manner that it is prominent and read easily.   B. Strength : The strength of the dose written  on the labels should be in metric systems and whole numbers (with out decimal and fractions).  C. Dosage forms :  The label should contain the detail information about the drug products...
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Types of prescription

1.central government health scheme (CGHS) prescription      This prescription is prescribed for all the central government employees, pensioners, MP's, MLA's, ministers etc.      2. Private prescription         This prescription is given by the registered practitioner. It may be written on any paper or Doctor's prescription form.  3.Hospital prescription        Government aided hospitals have their own prescription forms with their name and registration number printed on it .These forms are of 2types  A. Inpatient prescription :             The drugs ment for inpatients are prescribed on the physicians order form.      B. Out patient prescription :             This is similar to private prescription. 
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Lotions definition

Lotions :                    Lotions may be defined as liquid or semi-liquid preparations which may include either suspensions and emulsions.                         They are intended for the application onto the broken skin  without friction or rubbing. They can be directly applied to skin using any absorbent materials like cotton wool, gauze etc.           Lotions  are mainly used for their local action on skin as they possess cooling, soothing, and protective properties.      Lotions include the therapeutic agents that provide anti fungal, anti-inflamatory and local anaesthetic effect. 
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Monophasic liquid dosage forms

Mixtures:  Def: Mixtures may be defined as the liquid oral presentations that are dispensed by dissolving or suspending the solid or liquid medicament in a suitable vehicle. 1. Mixtures are generally dispensed in bottles  which may include numerous doses.if the bottle contains only a single dose, then it is known as draught. 2.mixtures are generally ment for acute conditions such as diarrhoea, cough, indigestion, constipation  etc. 
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Handling of prescription

The various activities which are carried during the dispensing of a prescription comes under handling of the prescription     The various steps involved in handling a prescription are as follows :  1.collecting the prescription  2.checking the prescription  3.compounding    (a) weighing      (b) preparation  4.Finshing the product      (a) packing       (b) labelling       (c) checking the product  5.Dispensing 6.Recording 7.Refilling.
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